For coin collectors and history enthusiasts alike, 19th-century U.S. pennies offer a fascinating glimpse into America’s numismatic past. While most pennies are worth just one cent, certain rare specimens from the 1800s have fetched thousands—or even hundreds of thousands—of dollars at auction. Here are six such pennies that could turn your pocket change into a small fortune.
1. 1856 Flying Eagle Cent
- Auction Record: $172,500
- Estimated Value: $8,000–$25,000 (depending on condition)
The 1856 Flying Eagle cent holds a special place in U.S. coinage history. Minted as a pattern coin to showcase a new, smaller cent design, only about 634 were produced. These coins were distributed to members of Congress and other officials for evaluation. Due to their limited mintage and historical significance, they are highly sought after by collectors.
2. 1864 Indian Head Cent with “L” on Ribbon
- Auction Record: $34,075
- Estimated Value: $68–$519 (circulated); up to $34,788 (proof)
In 1864, the U.S. Mint changed the Indian Head cent’s composition from copper-nickel to bronze. During this transition, Chief Engraver James B. Longacre added an “L” initial on the ribbon behind Liberty’s neck. This detail created a unique variety. While circulated versions are common, proof coins are extremely rare and command high values.
3. 1871 Indian Head Cent
- Auction Record: $60,375
- Estimated Value: $60 (average condition); up to $875 (mint state)
The 1871 Indian Head cent is notable for its low mintage and rarity in high grades. It is considered a key date in the Indian Head series. Well-preserved examples, particularly those in mint state, are valued highly by collectors.
4. 1872 Indian Head Cent
- Auction Record: $126,500
- Estimated Value: $80 (average condition); up to $1,350 (mint state)
The 1872 Indian Head cent is another important rarity. With few surviving examples in high condition, this coin is highly desirable. One variation, known as the “Shallow N” due to a weakly struck “N” in “ONE CENT,” is especially valued among specialists.
5. 1873 Indian Head Cent – Closed 3 Variety
- Auction Record: $54,625
- Estimated Value: $20 (average condition); up to $10,000 (mint state)
In 1873, two versions of the Indian Head cent were minted: Open 3 and Closed 3, referring to the shape of the numeral “3.” The Closed 3 version, where the number resembles an “8,” is rarer and significantly more valuable, particularly in higher grades.
6. 1888/7 Indian Head Cent Overdate
- Auction Record: $72,000
- Estimated Value: $1,000–$45,000 (depending on condition)
This rare overdate coin features remnants of a “7” beneath the final “8” in the year. A result of a die error, this anomaly makes the 1888/7 Indian Head cent one of the most sought-after pennies of the 19th century. High-grade specimens have reached tens of thousands of dollars at auction.
Tips for Collectors
- Authentication: Before buying or selling, have coins authenticated by a reputable grading service such as the Professional Coin Grading Service (PCGS) or the Numismatic Guaranty Company (NGC).
- Condition Matters: A coin’s condition heavily affects its value. Those with minimal wear, clear details, and original luster are worth more.
- Storage: To preserve condition, store coins in a cool, dry place, preferably in acid-free holders or protective cases.
- Market Awareness: Stay informed about auction trends and market conditions to better understand the potential value of your coins.